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These are dark days for supplements(补充剂) while vitamin D seemed sure to survive the strict tests. People with low levels of vitamin D in their blood have significantly higher rates of virtually every disease you can think of: cancer, diabetes, obesity, heart attack, stroke, depression and more. However, health experts believe that most of us aren’t getting enough of this essential vitamin, which is produced by the skin with the help of sunlight.
Today, when we do go outside, we’ve been taught to slather(涂抹) on sunscreen to protect ourselves from dangerous UV rays, which can cause skin cancer. Sun- screen can reduce our natural production of vitamin D, so we’ve been told to compensate with vitamin D pills. But they failed.
Some researchers argue that what made the people with high vitamin D levels so healthy was not the vitamin itself. Their vitamin D levels were high because they were getting plenty of exposure to the sunlight. Dr. Weller even tried to find the link between exposing skin to sunlight and lowering blood pressure. When he exposed volunteers to to summer sunlight for 30 minutes without sunscreen, their blood pressure went down. Another researcher Lindqvist decided to look at death rates caused by skin cancer, and the results were shocking. Over the 20 years of the study, sun avoiders were twice as likely to die as sunbathers.
According to those researchers,it doesn’t take much sun exposure to reap its health benefits. For most people, 10 to 30 minutes outdoors without sunscreen several times a week should do it. People with darker skin need higher doses(剂量)of sun to get its health bonuses. But they, too, are getting the opposite message.
Many experts in the rest of the world have already come around to the benefits of sunlight. When the UV index is below 3, Australia’s official advice states: “Sun protection isn’t recommended unless you are outdoors for extended periods . To support vitamin D production, spend some time outdoors in the middle of the day with some skin uncovered.” New Zealand signed on to similar recommendations, and British went even further: “Enjoying the sun safely, while taking care not to burn, can help to provide the benefits of vitamin D without raising the risk of skin cancer.
1. What does the underlined word “compensate” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.make up B.put up C. give in D. take in
2. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 4?
A. People with darker skin should avoid the sunlight.
B.People with darker skin didn’t have to expose to the sunlight
C.Early recommendations for the people with darker skin is wrong.
D.People with darker skin were told to expose to the sunlight for a longer time.
3. What is the author’s attitude to the Australia’s official advice?
A.favorable B neutral C critical D.negative
4. What is the purpose of this text?
A. To explain the benefits of Vitamin D.
B. To show the benefits of the sunlight.
C. To compare two different opinions.
D. To warn us of the danger of skin cancer
【答案及解析】
1.词义猜测题。答案A. 前半句说我们因涂抹防晒导致自然产生的VD量减少，所以我们需要补充剂来“补充，弥补”。选项D易错选。
2. 推理判断题。答案C. But与前一句形成转折，前一句说肤色深的人需要更多阳光，所以后一句说的是他们却接受了相反的信息，即需要更少的阳光，也就是说，医生一开始的建议是错误的。选项AB易错选。
3. 观点态度题。正确A. 通篇文章作者表述了因户外时间不够，现代人缺乏自然产生的VD，所以对各国采取的户外时间建议持支持态度。
4. 主旨大意题。正确B. 文章由维生素补充剂无用，引入到阳光的重要性，继而写各国的建议。
【考查意图】
本语篇的预设难度为中等，出题角度多样，其中包含词义猜测，推理判断题，段落大意题和观点态度题各一道。主要考查考生通过阅读文章获取某些特定的信息作出简单判断，理解文章的基本结构，判断作者的观点态度等能力。
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