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2020翻译资格考试笔译三级试题：空气污染
polluted air is a public health hazard that cannot be evaded.It is widely known that long-term exposure to air pollution enhances the risks of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.Scientists from the Max planck Institute for Chemistry and the University Medical Center Mainz now calculated in a new study that the global,public loss of life expectancy caused by air pollution is higher than many other risk factors such as smoking,infectious diseases or violence.
空气污染是一个无法回避的公共健康危害。众所周知，长期暴露在空气污染中会增加心血管和呼吸系统疾病的风险。
(Max planck Institute for Chemistry)和(University Medical Center Mainz)的科学家们在一项新的研究中计算出，空气污染造成的全球公众预期寿命损失比吸烟、传染病或暴力等许多其他风险因素都要高。
Air pollution caused 8.8 million premature deaths worldwide in 2015.This corresponds to an average reduction in life expectancy per capita of 2.9 years.In comparison,tobacco smoking reduces the life expectancy by an average of 2.2 years(7.2 million deaths),HIV/AIDS by 0.7 years(1 million deaths),parasitic and vector-borne diseases such as malaria--by 0.6 years(600,000 deaths)."Air pollution exceeds malaria as a cause of premature death by a factor of 19;it exceeds violence by a factor of 17 and HIV/AIDS by a factor of 9.Given the huge impact on public health and the global population,one could say that our results indicate an air pollution pandemic,"said Jos Lelieveld,director at Max planck Institute for Chemistry and first author of the study.
2015年，空气污染导致全球880万人过早死亡。这相当于人均预期寿命平均减少2.9岁。相比之下，吸烟使预期寿命平均减少了2.2岁(720万人死亡)，使艾滋病毒/艾滋病减少了0.7岁(100万人死亡)，使疟疾等寄生虫和病媒传播疾病减少了0.6岁(60万人死亡)。“空气污染导致的过早死亡是疟疾的19倍;它比暴力高出17倍，比艾滋病毒/艾滋病高出9倍。考虑到对公众健康和全球人口的巨大影响，我们可以说我们的研究结果表明了一场空气污染大流行，”马克斯·普朗克化学研究所所长、该研究的第一作者Jos Lelieveld说。
This study is the first to examine the global impact of air pollution on human health compared to other risk factors worldwide."Our comparison of different global risk factors shows that ambient air pollution is a leading cause of premature mortality and loss of life expectancy,in particular through cardiovascular diseases,"says Thomas Münzel,director of the Cardiology Center at the University Medical Center in Mainz and co-author of the paper.
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